One shortcoming of these beams is that they typically have a range of energy, caused by the gradual rise of laser power from zero to its maximum level.
但它的一个缺点就是，激光功率从零升到最大值的过程，会使粒子或X射线束具有一定的能谱分布。
3
Oil pricing became a zero-sum game: every rise in prices benefited producers at the cost of consumers, and every reduction in price benefited consumers at the expense of producers.