If minor doses are used, they can expand veins, lessen the vein reflux, cut down diastolic pressure or left ventricular end and cut down the load of the heart, and reduce the oxygen consumption.
小剂量时可扩张静脉，使静脉回流减少，左室舒末压下降，使心脏前负荷降低，降低心肌耗氧量。
2
Left ventricular failure results in distention of the left atrium, engorgement of the pulmonary veins.
左心室衰竭导致左心房扩张，肺静脉充盈。
3
Results: All of ventricular leads were successful placed in the cardiac veins.