English-speakers may laugh at firms with names such as Koc and Arcelik, but Turkish multinationals like Enka construction, Turkcell, Calik Holding and, yes, Koc are growing fast.

Despite there being no evidence of impropriety there was an opposition outcry when the firm instead went to Ahmet Calik, a rival whose firm is co-managed by Mr Erdogan's son-in-law.