Cracks of different levels exists in hydraulic tunnel concrete liner. The prevention of liner concrete cracking at tailwater tunnels and measures on different levels cracking are discussed in detail.
The liner is assumed to be porous material and the partial sealing boundary condition of tunnel is introduced firstly to represente most of the real practical situations.
假定衬砌材料为多孔介质,引入了更符合工程实际的半封闭边界条件。
3
Its not an ignoral problem that the effect of large temperature difference change on stress of tunnelliner during design and calculation of tunnel.