Several calculation cases proved the flow rules of gas resulted from formation pressure and well-head pressure.

Engineers had spent days pumping heavy drilling fluid into the leaking well head on the ocean floor in a high-pressure bid to smother the gushing crude and ultimately seal the well with cement.

The device that is attached to the blowout preventers during a frac job. Fluid and propping agent are pumped under pressure into the frac head and down the well.