This is reflected in the fact that the vacuum expectation value of the field squared is nonzero in quantum field theory. Therefore there exist the so called vacuumfluctuations.
这反映在量子场论中场量平方的真空平均值不为零，这就是所谓的真空涨落。
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The form and genesis of dark energy is almost completely unknown, but postulated as related to vacuumfluctuations similar to the Casimir Effect but generated somehow by space itself.
Understanding vacuumfluctuations is on the forefront of research not only to better understand our universe but also for stopping micro-mechanical machine parts from sticking together.