We confine ourselves here to the case where surface tractions are prescribed.
在这里我们只研究面力为给定的情况。
2
The compatible boundary conditions are evidently uniform tractions applied on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell.
可相容的边值条件显然是作用在球壳的内表面和外表面上的均匀曳力。
3
Two types of nonlinear spring elements were incorporated into the finite element program to simulate tensile and shear tractions, to analyze the thermally induced failure of interfaces.