The bilevel decision making system involves two optimization problems where the data of the upperlevel decision making problem is implicitly determined by the solution of the lower one.
二层决策系统包含着两个最优化决策问题，其中上层决策问题的目标值是由下层决策的解所隐含地确定的。
2
In this paper, based on the determined move set and structured tabu list, tabu search technique is used to solve the bilevel decision making problem with integer variables in the upperlevel.
对上层变量为整数型的两层决策问题，在确定移动集、构造禁忌表的基础上，提出了禁忌搜索解法。
3
The lower-levelproblem is to maximize the loading margin under a load change direction and the upper-levelproblem is to find the closest critical point subject to the constraints of load change.