The varied types of landform and remarked difference of soil distribution in southwest karst mountainous areas are influenced by the topographical morphology.

The map of daily surface air temperature distribution, using the modified Gaussian weighted model A and B, can accurately reflect the temperature-changing-with-topographical-altitude trend.

The spatial distribution of micro-topographical features of loess sloping farmland and its effects of soil and water conservation were studied using GIS under simulated rainfall conditions.