The flag of st David is a gold cross on a black background, although earlier variations exist.These include a black cross on a gold field and engrailed edges on the cross.

The cross of st Andrew is above that of st Patrick at the hoist because the cross was added to the flag before st Patrick's cross.

Indeed, the Spanish mystic St. John of the Cross in the 16th century coined the term the "dark night" of the soul to describe a characteristic stage in the growth of some spiritual masters.