As an example, we app it to calculate the thermodynamicpotential of two-loop QED and the renormalization.
作为应用的例子，计算了QED的双圈热力学势及其重整化。
2
Consider the thermodynamicpotential using the particle-hole oscillator representation. We are going to check if it gives the same result as the canonical Fermi representation.
利用粒子-空穴振荡表象考虑热力学势，我们要检验它是否能给出正则费米表象一样的结果。
3
The dimensional regularization at finite temperature is applied to calculate accurately the thermodynamicpotential of two-loop QED and the overlapping divergences at arbitrary gauge.