Rhizobia establish a symbiotic relationship with their host plant ― exchanging nitrogen for nutrients ― by forming nodules, which penetrate the roots and sometimes stems of the plant.
Lichen is a simple plant, which comes from symbiotic growth of algae and epiphyte .
青苔是一种浅根植物，是藻类和真菌共生形成的一种低等植物。
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Plant pot experiments were carried out for the recipient strains and their transconjugants to compare their nodulation ability and symbiotic nitrogen fixation efficiency.