Many surgical biopsies that uncover a malignancy require follow-up surgery to make sure the entire cancer is removed, particularly when the lymph nodes are involved.

More longitudinal follow-up is required to determine whether surgical outcomes, potential for recurrence, or metastasis of atypical adenomas vary significantly from their typical counterparts.

Overall, some 42% of the children required airway surgical intervention and 47% still require otolaryngologic follow-up.