Spiro-heterocyclic compounds are important branch of heterocyclic compounds, and play an important role on today's research and development of pesticides and medicines.
螺杂环化合物是杂环化合物的一大重要分支，在当今农药和医药的研究与开发中都占据着重要的地位。
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The synthetic method is simple and convenient and direct; and the spiral ring skeleton obtained from spiro-diketone has optical pure chiral ligand with different absolute configurations.
Steroids including a spiro ring in position 17, the process and the intermediates for their preparation, their use as medicaments, and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them.