Inner diameter of capillary has important effect on the spectrum broadening when used to restrict filamentation in high pressure gas.

To ask whether it can interfere with other retroelements, we examined its effect on hepatitis B virus (HBV). Our work broadens the spectrum of known viruses inhibited by APOBEC3G.

Spectrum analysis for vortex signal processing was discussed on the basis of simulating and analyzing the effect of sampling in non complete periods on spectrum arithmetic.