This paper has discussed the river bend flow characteristics, the maximum scouring water depth position, and the protection range of river bank.

The effect of scouring water on dispersive clay is very obvious, but the effect of filling water is small on the soil from Xijiao and Sanping reservoirs.

Some conventional processes such as scouring wool, tanning leather and bleaching, dyeing and printing fabrics use large amounts of water, energy or toxic chemicals, and emit effluents.