This paper focuses on the effects of the distributed bolts and bolt-holes on the shellflange-end bending stress, and suggests a more practical calculation model on shell-end stress.
Tightness test both the shell and tube sides of the exchanger to check that the flange gaskets are holding tight.
紧力测试对热交换器的管程与壳程，检查法兰垫圈是否紧密。
3
When the flange vessel pattern has not been able to satisfy the above requirements in the check of the pressure vessel shell, then this requirement should be marked in the pattern.