A dynamic explicit finite element method is used to pipe bend forming processes on bender in this paper. The degenerated shell element and co-rotationalcoordinate system are employed.
采用拖带坐标系下的退化壳单元，以及动态显式有限元方法求解管材在弯管机上的弯曲成型问题。
2
By making use of transformation of coordinate translation, coordinate rotation, we deduced general formula about area of rotational surface.