A heating of the getter material may be realized with heating wires or by a defined bombardment of scattered electrons (322) onto the electrodes (341, 342) comprising the getter material.

The electron collector stabilizes the metal layer and fluorescent layers, thereby reducing arc and maintaining uniform brightness by re-directing scattered electrons toward thefluorescent layers.

Using back scattered electrons, co - % magnetism meter, coercive force meter and chemical analysis etc, the compositions, co - % magnetism and coercive force of vacuum sintering cermets are studied.