The functional formalism for the effective potential is briefly reviewed for the case of a scalarfield theory by using the method of steepest descents.
本文首先在标量场论的情形下，用最速下降法对有效势的泛函形式作了简要的评论。
2
Introduces the magnetic scalarpotential method solving boundary-value problems of magnetic field generated by steady electric current is introduced.
介绍了用磁标势求解稳恒电流磁场边值问题方法、步骤。
3
In this paper, a complex scalar magnetic potential finite element method is proposed to calculate the three dimensional anisotropic nonlinear magnetic field and iron loss in transformer cores.