Those groups were Red Flag, Socialist League and the Party of the Venezuela Revolution (PRV).

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Chavez??s early ties with the FARC and ELN

The failed coup that Hugo Chavez led in 1992 was organized in cooperation with the clandestine organizations MBR, PRV, Red Flag and the Socialist League.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Chavez??s early ties with the FARC and ELN

Chavez's closest collaborators are his brother, Adam, his minister of Interior, Ramon Rodriguez Chacin, Jose Vicente Rangel (former presidential candidate of the communist party), Jorge Rodriguez (Socialist League), Minister of Energy Rafael Ramirez (PRV), Minister of Propaganda William Izarra (PRV) and the foreign Affairs Minister, Nicola s Maduro (Socialist League).

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Chavez's early ties with the FARC and ELN