Civil liability system of arbitrators can be divided into four modes, namely, absolute immunity, qualified immunity, limited liability and unlimited liability.

Referring to the other nations'law and jurisdiction practice, the civil liability of the arbitrators varies a lot, includes Absolute Immunity, Absolute liability and Limited Liability.

Mr Sarkozy himself will not be asked to testify, since he enjoys absolute judicial immunity while in office—meaning that he can be heard neither as suspect, nor as witness, nor as plaintiff.