It's well known that both thermal self-defocusing effect and reverse saturatedabsorption can lead to optical limiting.
众所周知，热自散焦效应和反饱和吸收效应都能导致光限幅。
2
The high resolution spectrum can be obtained through many methods, such as saturatedabsorption spectroscopy, Doppler free methods of two-photon spectroscopy, and etc.
提高热原子光谱的分辨率可以有许多方法，如饱和吸收光谱技术、双光子光谱的消多普勒技术等。
3
By measuring the pressure, saturated solution of potassium bromide bromine absorption method, the smell test and other methods, the mixture can be identified more quickly.