When a reservoir is sufficiently large, a sphere of this hot rock forces its way up through the upper mantle to Earth's surface, creating a broad bulge in the topography.
当储层足够大时，这种炽热岩石的一个球体强行通过上地幔上升到地球表面，在地形上形成一个宽阔的隆起。
2
Plate movements are the surface expressions of motions in the mantle—the thick shell of rock that lies between Earth's crust and its metallic core.
板块运动是地幔运动的表面现象。地幔是位于地壳和金属内核之间的一层厚厚的岩石壳。
3
When an underwater volcano pushes submerged rock to the surface, a new island is created.