The Ni P/M steel are mixtures of soft phase and hard phase, hence improving the mechanical properties by reducing the susceptibility of breach.

Another is that the hard phase and the soft phase both have microstructure with crystal grain of fine and homogeneous, and the size of crystal grain had better within magnitude of nanometer.

Alloys after HDDR treatment showed better magnetic properties because the exchange coupling effect between the soft and hard magnetic phase was induced by HDDR.