The gain and efficiency improvement of free electron laser by an optical klystron configuration has been studied by one dimensional single-particlemodel.
采用一维单粒子模型对光学速调管结构目由电子激光器增益和效率的提高进行了研究。
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In this paper, on the basis of a single-particlemodel, the dispersion equation is obtained after considering the first perturbation term of relativistic energy factor.
本文从单粒子模型出发，导出了考虑相对论能量因子一级扰动量影响的色散方程。
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Many physicists would like to see a single theory explain all of the fundamental forces of nature, or at the very least see experimental verification of the Standard Model of particle physics.