Smith says that with the solvent process, oil sands are still economical even if oil is $30 to $40 per barrel, close to what it was in the 1990s and early 2000s (in inflation-adjusted dollars).

Organic solvent oil removal: use organic solvent cleared surface process of oil parts.

The extraction and refining process includes distillating washing oil or anthracene oil to get fluorene distillate, then crystallizing the fluorene distillate to get fluorene using cooling or solvent.