The negative value of solutepotential of a solution means if a solution is separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane.
溶质势的负值表示若某溶液与纯水被一选透膜分隔，水会由水势较高的纯水进入该溶质。
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Osmosis is a natural phenomenon of water through the membrane to high solute concentration from low solute concentration on one side, until the solvent chemical potential balance.
渗透是一种自然现象：水通过半透膜，从低溶质浓度一侧到高溶质浓度一侧，直到溶剂化学位达到平衡。
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Active transport The use of energy to move a solute across a membrane against a concentration gradient, a potential gradient, or both (electrochemical potential) . Uphill transport.