Gaps between the depressed procurementprice and the market-clearing price, however, create a second avenue: black marketeering.
但是，降低的收购价格和市场结算价格之间的差异，导致了另一条路径：操纵黑市价格。
2
Reducing waste by incorporating used materials into production can cut costs and decrease the price of procurement: less to be procured from the outside and more to be re-utilized from the inside.
通过将使用材料投入生产来减少浪费可以降低成本、减少采购花费：不从外部采购，更多从内部再利用。
3
Large procurement volumes have secured substantial price reductions.