Construction, operation and decommissioning required estimates of the energy inputs, material inputs such as water and process gases, and transportation to bring in materials and cart out wastes.

The analytical method for components of process gases in oxidative dehydrogenation of butene into butadiene was improved by increasing the determinations of volume ratio CO/CO2 and the H2 content.

The entire process, from mining and separating oil sands to producing crude oil, releases more greenhouse gases than other oil production methods.