The special challenges for any foreign portfolioinvestor include the difficulty of assessing whether local management teams are genuinely focused on shareholder value;
外国投资组合投资者所面临的特殊挑战包括：难以评估当地的管理层是否真正关注股东价值；
2
Fee, management a fee paid by a mutual fund investor for management of the portfolio as well as for general administration of the fund.
管理费共同基金投资者支付的管理证券资产和基金管理的费用。
3
The paper analyses the parameter uncertaintys effect on the investors optimal portfolio choice, it suggests if the investor ignores the estimation risk, he may by lead to take p.