If a nonnative plant species invades an above-ground community of flora and fauna, it can alter links between the native above-ground community and the below-ground soil community.
如果一种外来植物入侵了地上的动植物群落，就会改变地上群落和地下土壤群落之间的联系。
2
Another way of countering drought is to have a limited amount of mass aboveground and to have extensive root networks below ground.
对付干旱的另一种方法是在地面上种植特定数量的植物，并且确保地下有广大的根系网络。
3
They had no choice but to build the pipes aboveground and then cover them with dirt.