The topography of bullet surface wear was studied by using fractal theory. The irregularity and random distribution of its surface wear show the fractal characteristics.
The track geometry irregularity is a stable normal distribution and state-history random variable.
轨道几何不平顺为平稳的正态分布和各态历经的随机变量。
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A new method for a vertical non-stationary random vibration analysis of vehicle-bridge systems subjected to track irregularity excitations is proposed.