A quantum state is a vector whose overall length is of no interest to us (as long as it's not zero).
量子态是向量，我们并不关心其总长度(只要不是0)。
2
Solitons and solitary waves in inhomogeneous media are ofinterest in relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum electronics, e. g. in research on infrared soliton lasers.
非均匀介质中的孤子和孤波对于相对论量子力学和量子电子学（例如红外孤子激光器的研究）是很有意义的。
3
There is significant current interest in the exitonic properties and complicated exitonic properties in semiconductor quantum-well wires because of their role in optoelectronic applications.