Adherent platelets can also augment antibody and cellular immune responses.

For the same reason, peptide immunizations often elicit inadequate cytotoxic t lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody (Ab) responses due to the lack of appropriate helper t lymphocyte (HTL) activity.

However, the ability of antibodies to initiate tumour-antigen-specific immune responses has received less attention than have other mechanisms of antibody action.