The boundary layer is characterized by a concentration gradient of the oxidized ion. Diffusion of the reducing agent ion through the boundary layer controls the REDOX reaction.
边界层的特征在于被氧化离子的浓度梯度，还原剂离子的扩散通过边界层控制了氧化还原反应。
2
The redox reaction occurs at the surface of the substrate between a reducing agent ion and a plating ion and produces an oxidized ion.