Last November California voters approved a $10-billion bond toward a rail system that will move passengers the 432 miles between San Francisco and Los Angeles in just over two and a half hours.

The bond graph models of wheel-rail creep forces, of free wheel set, and of two-axle vehicle are developed with associated numerical calculations.

The nonlinear wheel-rail interaction forces can be included in the bond graph model as submodels which are defined by writing subroutines.