They say the brown clouds have most likely contributed to the increase in air temperature in the region, which in turn is in part responsible for the observed melting and receding of glaciers.

Satellite imagery reveals rapidly melting ice sheets in the Arctic, a region which is heating up three times more quickly than the rest of the Earth.

A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region.