Passivespeech refers to the speech given by the speaker under the influence of passive thinking which is unfavorable for the communication reality and even brings about negative communicative effect.
消极言语是指发话人在消极思维支配下发出的不利于交际现实的甚至使交际效果为负的言语。
2
Higher use of the passive voice is often viewed as an indicator of 'indirect' and more easily confused speech because the doer of the action is obscured.
过多使用被动语态的演讲通常被认为是传递了间接的、容易令人困惑的信息，因为施动者不明确。
3
The author tries to explain the limitation of passive input and the four reasons of pragmatic failures: pragmatic structure of discourse, speech rules, politeness strategy and indirect speech act.