So-called "passive" houses are built using special materials, insulation, and heating technology so they use almost no energy for heating.

Some companies have developed stoves that use passive air flows, better insulation and 60% less wood to reduce black carbon emissions by around 70%.

Passive heating and cooling with thermal mass and insulation, Geothermal, radiant cooling and heating along with solar and photovoltaic panels contribute to the house's energy efficiency.