Based on the limit analysis viewpoint, a formula that could be used to estimate the out-of-plane limit moment of welded branch pipe tee was derived in this paper.
基于极限分析的观点，推导出面外弯矩作用下焊制三通的极限载荷估算公式。
2
Take the pipe as an isolator, under the effect of the external load and the mid-plane gravitation mentioned above, the displacement, the internal force and the internal moment can be worked out.