There is no way that you could irradiate a crystal of nickel with a single beam of x-rays and get that circular ring pattern if the electron beam were behaving as a particle beam only.
In order to enhance the exploratory ability, the pattern search is incorporated to improve the particle which provides effective local information for the EM.
为了提高算法的搜索能力，结合模式搜索算法改进种群中的粒子，为类电磁算法提供了有效的局部信息。
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Full wave model phase analysis technique may involve wide subjects, but this paper only deals with the analysis methods of ray, amplitude, wave spectrum and particle vibration pattern.