Consumer surplus is the value to a consumer of consumption of a good, minus the price paid.
消费者剩余指的是消费者购买一件商品所得到价值,减去购买这件商品的费用。
2
Owner's equity shall be itemized in the balance sheet under the titles such as the paid in investment (or in stock), paid in surplus, surplus from profit and undistributed profit.
Article 17 in case capital actually paid by the investors exceeds the registered capital (including stock premiums), an enterprise shall manage the surplus as capital reserve.