Baroclinic waves in upper? Troposphere, upper troughs and surface cyclones associated with wave packets are important systems for weather change and prediction.

Using a low order, two-layer baroclinic quasi-geostrophic model, a nonlinear system including the interaction between a thermal forced wave, a transient wave and zonal flow is studied.

Along the observation section, the net horizontal baroclinic energy flux, the bottom generated energy flux and the wave-current interaction are balanced by the turbulence production rate.