In this paper we will discuss symmetric bilinear forms and quadratic forms over valuation rings, and establish the congruent standard forms of symmetric matrices over valuation rings.

The latest valuation is based on just 12 share sales between employees over the last two months, highlighting the illiquidity of the closed markets on which its shares trade.

If spread out over several years, the bank could absorb the hit from Household implied by the mark to-market valuation without damaging its capital.