Aside from the visa question, which is hard to sort because it bumpsupagainst security issues, there are four fundamental problems underlying America's declining competitiveness.
签证问题使得安全问题凸显，除此之外还有四个基本问题影响美国竞争力下降。
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Quite often, the first project that bumpsupagainst an architectural issue not addressed in the reference architecture will, by default, set new architectural standards for future projects.