To simulate aging, the same bees were then placed in plastic tubes and exposed to a high-oxygen environment, a metabolic stress test.

Whenever there are tissues in our body under any form of functional or metabolic stress, the problem will be immediately identified by the immune system.

Autophagy is an evolutionary cell mechanism, which not only assists the cell to adapt to a variety of metabolic stress, but also is involved in innate immunity and acquired immunity process.