Therefore, the lumped-mass method is the best choice because of not only easy implementation, economics but also the higher accuracy in the simulation.

This paper shows that the time discretization makes the lumped-mass method much better than the consistent-mass one as accuracy is concerned for simulating wave motion in the continuous model.

In this paper, a finite element method with lumped mass formulation is applied to analyse the transient SH wave propagation in an elastic half-space with a dipping layer.