Action to restore appropriate price incentives, notably through corrective carbon pricing, is urgently needed to lower the risk of irreversible and potentially devastating effects of climate change.
Short-term effects include the disturbances directly associated with the action of the pest, which may cause the defoliation, loss of vigor, or death of trees.
短期影响包括与害虫活动直接相关的干扰，可能导致树木落叶、失去活力或死亡。
3
By honestly addressing the effects of a negative action you visibly sooth the minds of anyone affected, thus turning bad news into good news.