Orthogonal Multi-Carrier Modulation(OMCM) is adopted to overcome the frequency selectivity and time variation of low-voltage power line channel.

In a second sub-mode ('low output power sub-mode'), VOUT is regulated using pulse width modulation, but the converter switching frequency is fixed at a first frequency.

RF power modulation is used to control the codeposition and the selective silicon removal steps with the later proceeds whenever the RF power is turned off or reduced to a low level.